全国2011年1月自学考试英语试题

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全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题
课程代码：00088

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一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）
（一）词汇应用（15分）
选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
1. For those who are having strong immune system, the viruses will not __________ them.
A. affect on
B. influence on
C. effect
D. affect
2. They __________ about the injustice of the system bitterly.
A. scolded
B. complained
C. accused
D. criticized
3. Who __________ you into writing that letter?
A. persuaded
B. let
C. asked
D. kept
4. China is striding ahead in her __________ construction.
A. economist’s
B. economist
C. economic
D. economical
5. Life has no meaning except in __________ of responsibility.
A. means
B. ways
C. conditions
D. terms
6. What value can you __________ our organization?
A. add
B. add to
C. rise
D. rise up
7. He had to make a great __________ to be pleasant to people he didn’t like.
A. power
B. function
C. practice
D. effort
8. She __________ on her daughter’s taking the TOEFL again.
A. insisted
B. persisted
C. stuck
D. begged
9. We should __________ to it that all work done conforms to high standards.
A. set
B. turn
C. see
D. come
10. Anyone who needed their help could __________ on Robin and his men.
A. hold
B. sit
C. stand
D. count
11. Her suitcase seemed __________ heavy for such a short trip.
A. unnecessary
B. unnecessarily
C. necessarily
D. necessary
12. He drank a glass of boiled water __________.
A. at a bound
B. at a loss
C. at a glance
D. at a draught
13. __________ means spending a lot of money carelessly without considering the final result.
A. Prodigality
B. Degradation
C. Opulence
D. Parsimony
14. Only students at this institute have the __________ of using the books in the reading room.
A. occasion
B. privilege
C. habit
D. possibility
15. I’ve taken the children to the restaurant and they were as good as __________.
A. bone
B. god
C. gold
D. log

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（二）语法结构（15分）
选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
16. Our great bridges are made __________ steel, and so are the ships that cross the oceans.
A. of
B. from
C. into
D. by
17. We shall be only __________ pleased to hear from you further.
A. very
B. such
C. so
D. too
18.You claim that by travelling by boat I am wasting part of my holiday. __________, I regard the sea journey as the most enjoyable part of it.
A. Apart from that
B. Besides
C. On the contrary
D. On the other hand
19.The doctor asked us not to call him during the night except __________ necessity.
A. in case
B. in case of
C. although
D. provided
20.That’s the hotel __________ last year.
A. which we stayed
B. at which we stayed at
C. where we stayed at
D. where we stayed
21.He climbed up into the tree and picked all the fruit __________ reach.
A. by
B. out of
C. at
D. within
22. Would you please step __________ and have a cup of coffee with us?
A. aside
B. in
C. back
D. on
23. __________ this medicine regularly; it will protect you against a return of the illness.
A. Take
B. Taking
C. To take
D. Taken
24.__________ the contract provides otherwise, it is the buyer’s legal duty to collect the goods from the seller’s premises.
A. Although
B. Unless
C. Provided
D. Considering
25. I don’t believe him; he __________ be serious.
A. can’t
B. needn’t
C. mayn’t
D. mustn’t
26. __________ past performances, he is not likely to do well in his exams.
A. Judged from
B. To judge from
C. Judge from
D. Judging from
27. He is a criminal from justice trying to avoid __________ by the police.
A. having been caught
B. being caught
C. catching
D. to be caught
28. During the meeting, __________ begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
A. hardly he had
B. hardly had he
C. no sooner had he
D. no sooner he had
29.Water is water __________ it is still or in waves.
A. if
B. which
C. whether
D. what
30.__________ children, the importance of games should not be ignored in the life of adults.
A. With
B. Regarding
C. For
D. As with

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二、改错 （本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
下面句子中有 A,B,C,D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。
31.Just think of expensive packaging material that is thrown away at each time a new object is bought.

                   A                                   B                                                C                      D      

32.When everybody's spirit of competition is in wrok, wa can improve the quality of products.

          A                               B                                        C                                                 D

33.Some British doctors have pointed that pne of Britain's worst flu waves came within week of

                                                              A                                                           B

the country changing to decimal coinage.

C                          D

34.When facial tissues were first put on the market in 1924,they were made in small quantities

                            A                                      B                                                                                           C

and sold by 65 cents per box of 200.

                 D

35.Despite of the widespread early use of wool ang linen,cotton is the most important

              A                                                    B

 source of man's clothing.

       C                            D
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
Wise buying is a _____41_____ way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about buying an article or a service can actually _____42_____ your money or can increase the cost.
Take the _____43_____ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you _____44_____ think that you are making the best buy if you choose one which you like the look of, and it is the cheapest in _____45_____ . But when you get it home, you may find that it takes twice as long as _____46_____ model to dry your hair and the cost of the _____47_____ plus the extra cost of your time could well _____48_____ your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.
So what principles should you adopt when you go out _____49_____ ?
If you keep your home, your car or any valuable possession in tiptop condition, you’ll be saving money in the _____50_____ term.
Before you buy a new appliance, _____51_____ to someone who owns one. If you can, use it or _____52_____ it to check whether it suits your particular purpose or not.
According to a recent survey, almost half the things we buy in supermarkets are not what we really wanted before we _____53_____ the supermarket. _____54_____ this by compiling a detailed shopping list and sticking to it.
Before you buy an expensive item, or a service, do check the price and what is _____55_____ offer. If possible, choose from three items or three estimates.

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41. A. positive
B. negative
C. real
D. confident
42. A. put
B. save
C. deduce
D. buy
43. A. simple
B. just
C. one
D. simplified
44. A. should
B. can
C. have to
D. may
45. A. value
B. appearance
C. price
D. quality
46. A. a more expensive
B. the cheapest
C. most expensive
D. a cheaper
47. A. performance
B. electricity
C. trouble
D. function
48. A. make
B. do
C. charge
D. enable
49. A. owning
B. possessing
C. dreaming
D. shopping
50. A. short
B. long
C. near
D. close
51. A. bargain
B. discuss
C. talk
D. say
52. A. buy
B. keep
C. lend
D. borrow
53. A. entered
B. left
C. got
D. arrived
54. A. Object to
B. Combat
C. Fight
D. Opposing
55. A. as
B. by
C. in
D. on

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四、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题,每个问题有四个选项,选择最佳答案完成句子。错选、多选或未选均无分。
Passage 1
Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, but in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to be causes for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but she, in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.
This is true even in politics. Anne Bowman, an American scholar, once asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were then told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.
56. The word “liability” in the first paragraph most probably means “__________”.
A. reliability
B. instability
C. disadvantage
D. responsibility
57. In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness __________.
A. reinforces the feminine qualities required
B. makes women look more honest and capable
C. is of primary importance to women
D. often enables women to succeed quickly
58. Bowman’s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness __________.
A. turns out to be an obstacle to men
B. affects men and women alike
C. has as little effect on men as on women
D. is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women
59. It can be inferred from the passage that people’s views on beauty are often __________.
A. practical
B. prejudiced
C. old-fashioned
D. radical
60. The author writes this passage to __________.
A. discuss the negative aspects of being attractive
B. give advice to job-seekers who are attractive
C. demand equal rights for women
D. emphasize the importance of appearance
Passage Two
Seoul, once a city for kings, can now claim to be a city for commuters. The third nation in the Orient to develop an underground rapid-transit system, Korea opened its first line in 1974. After 12 years of continuing construction, Seoul had finally completed the rest of its extensive subway system, capable of serving 5 million commuters a day.
The 73-mile-long system is expected to alleviate the acute daily traffic congestion downtown. For an estimated $2.7 billion, the city has built one of the most modern subways in the world, replete with air-conditioning, high-tech ticket machines and escalators to deep stations. The subway stops, bucking an international tradition of dull concrete wall, are attractions themselves: many are lined with shopping arcades, others sponsor art exhibits and several are blasted out of granite and left in their natural state, creating an eerie, cavelike effect.
The subway is a long-term solution to transit problems in a city that is bursting with a large population. It is designed to encourage the growth of satellite cities along the lines that run outside the city proper. Efficiency, safety and economy are the catchwords of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway Corporation, which handled construction and now manages the four lines. But traditional concern for cleanliness adds to the popularity of this rapid mode of underground transportation.
Recently 20 couples chose the subway as the site for their wedding ceremonies, proof that the system is heralding a new age of modern living for the inhabitants of the nation’s capital.
61. According to the passage, how long does it take Korea to complete its extensive subway system?
A. Twelve
B. Five
C. Seventy-three
D. Twenty-seven
62. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be seen in the subways in Seoul?
A. Commuters.
B. Shopping arcades and art exhibits.
C. Natural caves.
D. Wedding couples.
63. Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?
A. The subway system was completed in 1986.
B. Everyday more than 2.7 billion people travel by subway.
C. The subway was built in a huge cave.
D. The subway corporation is making a huge profit.
64. Which of the following is NOT the reason for constructing the underground transit system?
A. The growth of population in the city.
B. The traffic congestion downtown.
C. The traditional concern for a better environment.
D. The lack of wedding ceremony sites.
65. Why do some couples choose the subway as the site for their wedding ceremonies?
A. It is cleaner than places on the ground.
B. It is a symbol of modern living.
C. It is the world’s 7th largest subway.
D. It is built in the nation’s capital.

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五、单词或短语的英汉互译（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
(一) 将下列词语译成中文 （5分）
66. a merchant fleet
67. universal product code
68. sorting process
69. cost effectiveness
70. capital-output ratio
（二）将下列词语译成英文 （5分）
71. 一辈子一次性的投资
72. 关税壁垒
73. 市场价格机制
74. 资本市场
75. 通勤班车服务线
六、英汉句子互译 (本大题共4小题，共15分）
（一）将下列句子译成中文
76. We all have to believe that this time he means business. (4分)
77. Monopoly and competition are very generally regarded, not simply as antithetical, but as mutually exclusive. (4分)
（二）将下列句子译成英文
78. 在这个种族大熔炉中各种文化融为一体。(3分)
79. 纳税人的收入增加了，他就应该交纳更多的所得税。 (4分)

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